Furnace construction.



No. 747,648. v PATENTED DEC. 22, 1903. J, M. SCANLAN.

FURNACE CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 14, 1903.

N0 MODEL.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

ATTORNEY.

I No. 747,648. PATENTED DEC. 22, 1903. J. .M. SGANLAN.

FURNACE CONSTRUCTION.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 14, 1903- SHEETS-SHEET 2,

N0 MODEL.

IN VEN T OR.

WIT/VESSES:

ATTORNEYv YHE No iws PEYERs coy, wumuumou wAsmnamm n. c

Patented December 22, 1903.

PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES QSGANLAN, or INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA.

FURNACE CONSTRUCTION.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 747,648, dated December 22, 1903. Application filed February 14, 1963. Serial No. 143,321. (No model.)

To all whom, it concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES M. SOANLAN,'a citizen of the United States, residing at Indianapolis, in the county of Marion and State of Indiana, have invented new'and useful Improvements in Furnace Oonstruction;'and I do declare the following to be afull,clear, and exact description of the invention, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to furnace construction generally, and has reference more particularly to steam-boiler furnaces which include the furnaces proper, the bridge-walls, and the combustion-chambers, as well as the appurtenances thereof.

The object of the invention is to improve the details of construction of furnaces with a view to obtaining the most perfect degree of combustion of fuel, particularly when coal is used, and thereby utilize to the fullest extent the gases that may be liberated and ordinarily pass away as smoke, which in many cases proves not only a waste to the operator, but a nuisance in the vicinity;

A minor object is to providean inexpensive construction which will be durable and economical in use.

My invention consists in the novel application of air-ducts in the side walls of furnaces adapted to discarge air across the furnaces.

in opposite directions in difierent vertical planes, so as to produce gyratory movements of the flames and gases above the beds of coals in order to mix the air and gases and to retard the flow of gases from the furnaces to and through the combustion-chambers; and the invention consists also in the novel parts and in the combination and arrangement of parts, as hereinafter particularly described and then pointed out in the claims appended.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is a longitudinal vertical sectional view taken centrally of a furnace constructed substantially in accordance with my invention, a steamboiler being shown in connection therewith; Fig. 2, a fragmentary transverse vertical sectional view in a plane on a lineW W in Fig. 4; Fig. 3, a fragmentary transverse vertical sectional view in a plane through the bridgewall about thecenter thereof; Fig. 4, a fragmentary horizontal sectional view in a plane below and near the top of the bridge-wall; Fig. 5, a fragmentary horizontal sectional viewin a plane a short distance above the grate-bars of the furnace; Fig. 6, a front elevation of the bafflewall detached from the main walls; and Fig. '7, afragmentary vertical longitudinal sectional view of a furnace side wall, as in a plane on a line X X in Fig. '3, showing the course of the air-ducts therein.

Similar reference characters throughout the drawings indicate like parts.

In the drawings, a represents the furnacechamber proper, formed by means of suitable walls; b, the combustion-chamber, formed by the usual side walls, 850.; d, the return flue or chamber connecting the combustion-chamher with the boiler-fines; e, the boiler; f, the furnace-front; g, the rear wall; '72,, the bridge- Wall; 1', a baffle-wall; j, the fire-grates, and lo the ash-pit. The side walls of the furnace usually comprise one or more courses of ordinary bricks, as at Z, and a course or lining of fire-bricks, as at m.

.In practically carrying out my invention I provide an air-supply duct A, formed as a metal tube, which extends through the rear wall g, through the baffle-wall t or the archway thereof, and into the lower portion of the bridge-Wall h. The duct A preferably extends upwardly at the rear wall g to or above the top thereof and is connected with a suitable blower B, which may be set upon the wall, where warmair may usually be obtained, and the blower may be operated by an electric motor or other power. In the lower portion of the bridge-wall his placed a branch duct 0, extending into the side walls of the furnace, the central portion of the duct 0 being connected to the end of the duct A. Vertical ducts D D are connected to the ends of the duct 0, and horizonal air-ducts E E are connected to the vertical ducts D D and extend in the side walls above the plane of the grate-barsj,su bstantially from the bridgewall nearly to the plane of the front ot'the furnace-chamber a. At the front ends of the ducts E E return or vertical branch ducts F F are connected therewith, and to the branch ducts are connected return horizontal ducts G G, one in each side wall, one of the ducts extending but a short distance and the other one a greater distance, so as to nearly approach the plane of the bridge-wall h. Obviously the ducts in the side walls for heating the air may be multiplied, if desired, so that the horizonal ducts or branches shall be one above another within or behind the firebrick linings of the furnace, and the upper ones connected by lateral outlet-ducts, as the duct H, connected to the duct G near the front of the furnace, and the lateral duct H, connected to the duct G near the rear end of the furnace, the lateral ducts being so arranged as to project the air in opposite directions across the furnace-chamber horizontally in dilferent vertical planes, butin substantially the same horizontal plane above the bed of coals.

The above-described construction is designed principally for providing the furnace with a hot-air blast for producing the gymtory effects, as well as for forcibly supplying the needed hot air, and although natural drafts may occur in the ducts other provisions are made for supplying hot air in case the blower may not be in operation. To this end a horizonal air-inlet duct I is connected to the central portion of the duct 0 and extends into the ash-pit 7c and is provided with a gate J, mounted in a gate-box J, the gate having an operating-rod nextending through a side wall of the ash-pit.

For the purpose of utilizing hot air in the combustion chamber an upright duct or branch K is attached to the central portion of the duct 0 and extends upwardly therefrom in the bridge-wall nearly to the top of the wall. The duct K is provided with a gate L, having an operating rod p extending through a side wall of the furnace. A heating and distributing chamber M is connected at its center to the top of the duct K and extends along the upper portion of the bridgewall It, being bedded therein, and provided with a plurality of outlet-nipples N, having their orifices at the rear of the bridge-wall.

The baffle-wall i is situated under the rear end of the boiler, so as to prolong the period of combustion as long as possible under the boiler, and it is provided with an archway O at the bottom portion and with perforations P at the upper portions thereof, the top q of the wall being curved to conform to the contour of the boiler.

In practical use when but little heat is required the blower may be stopped and the air allowed to flow slowly through the duct A and also through the duct 1, and becoming heated in its passage it may escape from the nipples N and from the ducts H and H in suitable proportions, as may be determined by adjusting the regulating-gate L, the gate J being open or partially closed to suit requirements. When the blower is operated, the gate J may be closed, although in some cases it may be desirable to force a portion of the supply of warm air throughthe ductI into the ash-pit (then to be otherwise closed) to pass through the fire-grates. When the gates J and L are closed, the air will pass through the ducts C to the side walls and thence through the several ducts therein and out of the orifices of the ducts H and H and into the flames of combustion, producing circular movements, during which the air will mix thoroughly with the gases of combustion,th us aiding combustion without tending to lower the temperature of the fire, but rather increasing the degree of heat. If the gate L be wholly or partially opened, a proportion of the air will pass through the distributing-chamber M and out of the nipples N into the combustion-chamber b, assisting in the combustion of the gases therein. The baffle-wall 'i will retard the flow of the gases and by reason of the perforations therein will permit the currents to How close to the boiler where needed until the vol u me becomes excessive, when the surplus will find an outlet through the archway 0 into the chamberdand thence through the boiler-fines. It willbe seen that the air may become considerably heated in the combustion-chamber in the duct A before reaching the walls of the furnace-chamber, which will be advantageous.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new is- 1. A furnace including opposingside Walls, a bridge-wall, a principal branch duct extending through the bridge-wall into the opposing side walls, a series of branch ducts connected together and collectively extending from opposite ends of the principal branch duct in the side walls and having'outlet-orifices at opposite sides of the furnace in different vertical planes, a vertical duct connected centrally to the principal branch duct, a gate in the vertical duct, a distributingchamber connected to the vertical duct in a plane above the principal branch duct and having a plurality of outlet-openings, and a supply -duct connected with the principal branch duct.

2. In furnace constructiomthe combination of opposing side walls, a bridge-wall, a front, a principal branch duct extending through the bridge-wall into the opposing side walls, a series of branch ducts connected together and collectively extending from opposite ends of the principal branch duct in the side walls and having outlet-orifices at opposite sides of the furnace in diiferent vertical planes so as to be near opposite ends of the furnacechamber near the front and the bridge-wall, said side Walls being otherwise imperforate, and a supply-duct connected to the principal branch duct.

3. In furnace construction,the combination of the bridge-wall, the baffle-wall having the perforations and the archway therein, the opposing side walls, the principal branch duct in the bridge-wall extending into the side walls, the main supply-duct connected with the principal branch duct, the blower connected to the main supply-duct, the series of horizontal and vertical branch ducts connected together and collectively extending from opposite ends of the principal branch duct in the side Walls and having outlet-orifices at opposite sides of the furnace-chamber in different vertical planes, the inlet-duct extending from the ash-pit of the furnace to the principal branch duct, the gate connected to said last-described duct, the vertical duct connected with the principal branch duct, the gate connected to the vertical duct, the distribu tin g-chamber connected with the vertical ductin a plane above said last-described gate, and the outlet-ducts connected with said chamber, substantially as set forth.

4. In furnace construction,the combination of the bridge-wall, the baffle-Wall having the perforations and the archway therein, theopposing side walls, the principal branch duct in the bridge-wall, the main supply-duct connected to the principal branch duct and extending through the arch in said baffle-wall, and the series of horizontal and vertical branch ducts connected together and collec t-ively extending from opposite ends of the principal branch duct in the side walls and having the two outlet-orifices at opposite sides of the furnace-chamber near opposite ends thereof, substantially as set forth.

5. In furnace construction,the combination of the bridge-wall, the opposing side walls, the principal branch duct in the bridge-wall, the series of horizontal and vertical branch ducts connected together and collectively extending from opposite ends of the principal branchduct in the sidewalls and having the two outlet-orifices at opposite sides of the furnace-chamber near opposite ends thereof, the inlet-duct extending from the ash-pit of the furnace to the principal branch duct, and

the gate connected with said inlet-duct, substantially as set forth.

6. In furnace construction,the combination of the bridge-wall, the opposing side walls, the principal branch duct in the bridge-wall, the main supply-duct connected with the principal branch d'uct, the blower connected to the main supply-duct, and the series of horizontal and vertical branch ducts connected together and collectively extending from opposite ends of the principal branch duct in the side walls and having only the two outlet-orifices at opposite sides of the furnace-chamber near opposite ends thereof,substantially as set forth.

7. In furnace construction,the combination of the bridge-Wall, the opposing side walls, the principal branch duct in the bridge-wall, the main supply-d not connected with the principal branch duct, the blower connected to the main supply-duct, the series of horizontal and vertical branch ducts connected together and collectively extending from opposite ends of the principal branch duct in the side Walls and having the two isolated outlet-orifices at opposite sides of the furnace-chamber near opposite ends thereof, the inlet-duct extending from the ash-pit of the furnace to the principal branch duct, the gate connected to the inlet-duct, the vertical duct connected to the principal branch duct, the gate connected with the vertical duct, the distributing-chamber connected with the vertical duct in a plane above said gate last described, and the outlet-ducts connected with said chamber, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JAMES M. SOANLAN. Witnesses:

WM. H. PAYNE,

- E. T. SILVIUS. 

